Pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft is a surgical procedure performed to treat pterygium, a benign growth of tissue that extends from the conjunctiva onto the cornea, often causing irritation, visual impairment, or astigmatism. This growth is typically caused by prolonged exposure to UV light, dust, and wind. Pterygium can obstruct vision if left untreated, and surgical removal is often necessary to alleviate symptoms.

During the procedure, the surgeon removes the pterygium, carefully excising the abnormal tissue from the cornea and conjunctiva. To prevent recurrence and aid in healing, the excised area is covered with a graft of healthy conjunctival tissue taken from the patient’s own eye. This autograft helps restore the eye’s normal surface and minimizes the chances of the pterygium growing back.

Pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft is considered the gold standard for treating pterygium, as it offers a high success rate and reduces the risk of recurrence. The use of the patient’s own tissue for the graft significantly lowers the chances of rejection, and the procedure typically results in faster healing and fewer complications compared to other methods like amniotic membrane transplantation or simple excision without grafting.

Post-operative care for this procedure involves managing inflammation and preventing infection. Most patients experience a full recovery within a few weeks, with improved comfort and vision. This surgery is effective in preventing recurrence and is often recommended for patients with recurrent pterygium or those with significant visual disturbances caused by the growth.